Mutamba

(Guazuma ulmifolia)

Family: Sterculiaceae
Genre: Guazuma
Species: ulmifolia
Synonyms: Bubroma guazuma, Diuroglossum rufescens, Theobroma guazuma, Guazuma coriacea, G. inuira, G. polybotra G. tomentosa, G. utilis
Common names: Mutamba, mutambo, embira, embiru, West Indian elm, guazima, guacima, guacimo, guasima de caballo, aquiche, ajya, guasima, Cimarron, guazuma, bolaina, atadijo, ibixuma, change acá, bay cedar, bois d 'homme, bois d'orme, bois de hetre, orme d'Amerique
Phyto elements: alkaloids, beta-sitosterol, Caffeine, Friedelin-3alpha-acetate, Friedelin-3beta-ol, Mucilage, tannins, terpenes
Parts used: bark, leaves, roots

PROPERTY 'AND ACTIONS
Main actions:
kills bacteria
kills fungi
fights viruses
fights cancer cells
purifies the blood
suppresses the cough
fights free radicals
lowers blood pressure
relaxes muscles
stop the bleeding
heals wounds

Other actions:
reduces inflammation
prevents ulcers
supports the heart
stimulates digestion
protects the liver
reduces fever
promotes perspiration

Assay standards:
Bark.

Infusion: 1 cup 1-3 times a day;

Capsules: 2 g 2 times a day;
Tincture: 2-3 ml twice daily
Mutamba is a medium sized tree that can grow up to 20 m in height and has a trunk diameter of 30-60 cm. E 'typical of tropical America and is found throughout the Amazon forest.

The bark of mutamba is a rich source of tannin and antioxidants called proantocianidine elements. In particular, the procianidina B-2 helps in validating the use of long mutamba for hair loss and baldness in 1999, Japanese researchers have reported that the procianidina B-2 is a safe topical agent for the growth of hair. From 2000 to 2002, published 3 studies that showed how the procianidina B-2 promoted the growth of hair cells and increase the number of hairs on the scalp area. Another independent research has shown that the procianidina B-2 also has anti-tumor and anticancer effects (even against the melanoma), as well as having the power to lower blood pressure and protect the kidneys.
The bark also contains acid caurenoico of which are known antibacterial and antifungal properties.
The leaves contain caffeine, but was not found in the bark of tree.

The long history of efficacy of herbal medicine in mutamba has prompted researchers to begin studying its properties and assets tests in the laboratory (since 1968). In the first published study was reported owned by lower heart rate and blood pressure, relax the muscles and soft stimulate the uterus. Two years later, new research has confirmed the effects of uterine stimulant, supporting the traditional use as a help during the party.
In eight different studies conducted between 1987 and 2003, has been demonstrated a significant in vitro antibacterial activity of some extracts of leaf and bark against several disorders pathogens, including Bacillus, Staphylococcus and streptococcus, E. coli and Neisseria gonorrhea. In 1995 an in vitro study has also shown antiviral activity against Herpes simplex type 1.

These studies have certainly been able to explain why mutamba was used so effectively with such systems of herbal medicine for many types of intestinal disorders, venereal diseases (such as gonorrhea and syphilis) and respiratory disorders (such as pneumonia and bronchitis).
Following research focused on a particular item found in mutamba can interfere with enzymatic processes by which the pathogenic bacteria and viruses replicate.

Traditionally, a decoction of leaves of mutamba is used in Mexico for diabetes. Only recently researchers have validated this Mexican indigenous use, publishing a study which showed that an extract of leaves could significantly reduce the hyperglycemia.
Worthy of note is a study of Brazil (1990) showed that as a pure extract of the bark mutamba can be toxic in vitro in cancer cells, producing an inhibitory rate of 97.3%. In another recent study (2002) by researchers in Belgium was reported the possible mechanism by which the bark of mutamba can reduce hypertension, by inhibiting an enzyme called angiotensin II. Inhibitors of angiotensin are the newest classification of drugs for the heart (most of the new ACE-inhibitors) that are now prescribed to lower blood pressure.

Mutamba occupies an important place in herbal systems of many tropical countries, where they are mostly used for the bark and leaves.
It is often used for infections of the upper respiratory tract as it can calm the cough, reduce fever, as well as provide antibacterial and antiviral action.

Below is a brief overview on the uses etnomedici of mutamba.

Country
Uses
Belize, for parties, diarrhea, dysentery, infections, prostate problems, rashes, skin problems of the uterus, irritation
Brazil: for asthma, blood purification, bronchitis, cough, diarrhea, excessive mucus, fever, hair loss, hepatitis, liver disorders, parasites (of hair), pneumonia, skin diseases, syphilis, ulcers, and to raise transpiration
Colombia: how stimulating uterine
Cuba: for burns, burns, colds, flu, hemorrhoids, urinary insufficiency, wounds
Dominican Republic: for diarrhea, fertility (veterinary use), pulmonary disorders, and to increase perspiration
Guatemala: for burns, dermatitis, erysipelas, fever, gonorrhea, kidney disease, disorders of the skin (irritation, rashes, inflammation, vent, ulcers), stomach pain, stomach inflammation, injury, and enhance the traspiraizone
Haiti: to purify the blood, cough, diabetes, diarrhea, lazy digestion, fever, flu, fractures, scurvy, skin disorders, wounds
Jamaica: For diarrhea, elephantiasis, leprosy, malaria
Mexico: for asthma, chest problems, childbirth, stpsi, diarrhea, dysentery, elephantiasis, fever, gastrointestinal disorders, bleeding, infectious diseases, kidney disorders, malaria, rashes, skin disorders, syphilis, uterine pain, injury
Peru: for diarrhea, dysentery, asthma, bronchitis, dermatitis, elephantiasis, fever, hair loss, hepatitis, kidney disease, leprosy, liver disease, problems plmonari, malaria, syphilis
Venezuela, for syphilis, wounds, to increase breathability and lower the body temperature

Elsewhere:
for asthma, bleeding, bronchitis, chest problems, elephantiasis, hair loss, hypertension, kidney disorders, liver problems, stomach pain, to increase perspiration



MUTAMBA

Primary method of preparation:
decoction
Key actions (in order):
antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, hypotensive (lowers blood pressure)

Main uses:

as a topical remedy for hair loss and baldness
as a digestive aid for stomach pain, diarrhea, dysentery and inflammations of the stomach
as a remedy for external wounds, skin rashes, parasites of the skin, dermatitis, fungal infections and leprosy
for viral and bacterial infections (including syphilis, gonorrhea, viruses of upper respiratory infections and kidney)
as an astringent to stop bleeding


Properties / actions documented by research:
ACE-inhibitor (lowers blood pressure), antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, antioxidant, antispasmodic, anticancer, antiviral, cardiodepressivo, cardiotonico (tones, balances, strengthens the heart), hypoglycaemia, hypotensive (lowers blood pressure), muscle relaxant, uterine stimulant

Other properties / actions of documented traditional use:
antinifammatorio, antiemorragico (reduces bleeding), cough sedative, anti-ulcer, astringent, blood purifier, decongestant, diaforetico (promotes sweating), dtimolante digestive, emollient, febrifugal (reduces fever), epatoprotettivo (liver protector) , epatotonico (tones, balances, strengthens the liver), healing

Traditional preparation:

For respiratory infections, asthma and other respiratory disorders: a cup of decoction of bark 2-3 times a day.
For gastrointestinal problems and other disorders: the same decoction or 2-3ml of a 4:1 tincture twice daily, or 1-2g of powdered bark in tablets, capsules, dissolved in water or fruit juice.
Loss of hair: rub a decoction of bark hair several times a week.

Contraindications:
The bark of mutamba may have uterine stimulant effects and is therefore contraindicated in pregnancy
The bark of mutamba can lower blood pressure by inhibiting angiotensin II. Individuals with heart problems who take drugs for the heart, or who suffer from low pressure should not make use of this plant without the supervision of a physician.

Interaction with drugs:
None reported. However, the bark of mutamba may enhance the action of some drugs against hypertension.

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